Origin of Continents

The deep structure of continents

The Lehmann discontinuity at 220-km depth is an important global feature which occurs under both oceans and continents. It is a barrier to penetration by young lithosphere and marks the base of seismicity in regions of continent-continent collision. The strong lateral variation in upper mantle velocities occurs mainly above this depth. Continental roots extend no deeper than about 150-200 km. T...

GPP extremes across continents

Introduction Conclusions References Tables Figures

Chapter 1 the Intimacies of Four Continents

My study investigates the often obscured connections between the emergence of Eu ro pean liberalism, settler colonialism in the Americas, the transatlantic African slave trade, and the East Indies and China trades in the late eigh teenth and early nineteenth centuries. In Cuban Counterpoint (1940), Fernando Ortiz described " peoples from all four quarters of the globe " who labored in the " new...

Two Continents , One Area : Eurasia

Betrayal Aversion on Four Continents

Due to betrayal aversion, people take risks less willingly when the agent of uncertainty is another person rather than nature. Individuals in four countries (Brazil, Switzerland, the United Arab Emirates and the United States) confronted either a binary-choice trust game or a risky decision offering the same payoffs and probabilities. Risk acceptance was calibrated by asking individuals their “...